Sang In Park Kim, Lae hyun Kwon, Jang ho Choi, S.J. Whang, M. 2024-01-19T11:31:05Z 2024-01-19T11:31:05Z 2022-01-10 2022-09 1359-4338 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/114771 Based on sensory conflict theory, motion sickness is strongly related to the information processing capacity or resources of the brain to cope with the multi-sensory stimuli experienced by watching virtual reality (VR) content. The purpose of this research was to develop a method of measuring motion sickness using the heart-evoked potential (HEP) phenomenon and propose new indicators for evaluating motion sickness. Twenty-eight undergraduate volunteers of both genders (14 females) participated in this study by watching VR content on both 2D and head-mounted devices (HMD) for 15？min. The responses of HEP measures such as alpha power, latency, and amplitude of first and second HEP components were compared using paired t-tests and ANCOVA. This study confirmed that motion sickness leads to a decline in cognitive processing, as demonstrated by increasing in alpha power of HEP. Also, the proposed indicators such as latency and amplitude of the HEP waveform showed significant differences during the experience of motion sickness and exhibited high correlations with alpha power measures. Latencies of the first HEP component, in particular, are recommended as better quantitative evaluators of motion sickness than other measures, following the multitrait-multimethod matrix. The proposed model for motion sickness was implemented in a support vector machine with a radial basis function kernel, and validated on twenty new participants. The accuracy, F1 score, precision, recall, and area under the curve (AUC) of the motion-sickness classification results were 0.875, 0.865, 0.941, 0.8, and 0.962, respectively. English Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH Evaluation of visual-induced motion sickness from head-mounted display using heartbeat evoked potential: a cognitive load-focused approach Article 10.1007/s10055-021-00600-8 1 Virtual Reality, v.26, no.3, pp.979 - 1000 Virtual Reality 26 3 979 1000 N scie scopus 000724639800001 2-s2.0-85120382866 Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications Computer Science, Software Engineering Imaging Science & Photographic Technology Computer Science Imaging Science & Photographic Technology Article VIRTUAL-REALITY AUGMENTED REALITY BRAIN POTENTIALS AUTONOMIC RESPONSES CARDIAC AWARENESS RATE-VARIABILITY VAGAL TONE FATIGUE AMPLITUDE INTERACTIVITY Head-mounted display (HMD) Heartbeat evoked potential (HEP) Heart？brain synchronization Visual-induced motion sickness (VIMS) Cognitive load