Jeong, Youngdo Jin, Soyeong Palanikumar, L. Choi, Huyeon Shin, Eunhye Go, Eun Min Keum, Changjoon Bang, Seunghwan Kim, Dongkap Lee, Seungho Kim, Minsoo Kim, Hojun Lee, Kwan Hyi Jana, Batakrishna Park, Myoung-Hwan Kwak, Sang Kyu Kim, Chaekyu Ryu, Ja-Hyoung 2024-01-19T12:31:19Z 2024-01-19T12:31:19Z 2022-06-02 2022-03 0002-7863 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/115520 Biological nanomachines, including proteins and nucleic acids whose function is activated by conformational changes, are involved in every biological process, in which their dynamic and responsive behaviors are controlled by supramolecular recognition. The development of artificial nanomachines that mimic the biological functions for potential application as therapeutics is emerging; however, it is still limited to the lower hierarchical level of the molecular components. In this work, we report a synthetic machinery nanostructure in which actuatable molecular components are integrated into a hierarchical nanomaterial in response to external stimuli to regulate biological functions. Two nanometers core-sized gold nanoparticles are covered with ligand layers as actuatable components, whose folding/unfolding motional response to the cellular environment enables the direct penetration of the nanoparticles across the cellular membrane to disrupt intracellular organelles. Furthermore, the pH-responsive conformational movements of the molecular components can induce the apoptosis of cancer cells. This strategy based on the mechanical motion of molecular components on a hierarchical nanocluster would be useful to design biomimetic nanotoxins. English American Chemical Society Stimuli-Responsive Adaptive Nanotoxin to Directly Penetrate the Cellular Membrane by Molecular Folding and Unfolding Article 10.1021/jacs.2c00084 1 Journal of the American Chemical Society, v.144, no.12, pp.5503 - 5516 Journal of the American Chemical Society 144 12 5503 5516 N scie scopus 000799109400038 2-s2.0-85126296502 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Chemistry Article GOLD NANOPARTICLES MACHINES CANCER DNA NANOMACHINES DELIVERY CHARGE CELLS PH EXPRESSION