Kim, Hyungjoo Yang, Seungdo Lim, Yong Hyun Ha, Jeong-Myeong Kim, Do Heui 2024-01-19T13:00:48Z 2024-01-19T13:00:48Z 2022-01-10 2022-02 0304-3894 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/115796 A complete hydrodeoxygenation(HDO) of vanillin to yield cycloalkanes was performed using bifunctional Ru loaded HZSM-5 catalysts with different metal loadings (0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 wt%) and Si/Al2 ratios (Si/Al2 = 23,300) in n-octane/water biphasic system. Both the reaction pathway and product distribution were influenced by the metal/acid balance of the catalysts. Higher metal/acid ratio promoted Caryl-C cleavage reaction, resulting in the increased yield of cyclohexane. Synergetic effect of metal and acid sites was observed in the bifunctional catalyst, attaining as high as 40-fold increase of metal efficiency in the ring hydrogenation reaction, compared to lone metal site catalyst. The effect of solvent composition was evaluated, revealing that the presence of water promoted the overall HDO reaction. By balancing metal/acid and introducing appropriate solvent system, efficient catalytic system that minimized carbon loss and improved metal efficiency for vanillin HDO was obtained. English Elsevier BV Upgrading bio-oil model compound over bifunctional Ru/HZSM-5 catalysts in biphasic system: Complete hydrodeoxygenation of vanillin Article 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126525 1 Journal of Hazardous Materials, v.423 Journal of Hazardous Materials 423 N scie scopus 000719914500001 2-s2.0-85109924764 Engineering, Environmental Environmental Sciences Engineering Environmental Sciences & Ecology Article SELECTIVE HYDRODEOXYGENATION AQUEOUS-PHASE LIGNIN PHENOL BIOMASS NI ACID NANOPARTICLES NI/HZSM-5 PYROLYSIS Biomass Biphasic catalysis Biowaste derived bio-oil Heterogeneous catalysis Ruthenium