Jang, Jue-Hyuk Jeffery, A. Anto Min, Jiho Jung, Namgee Yoo, Sung Jong 2024-01-19T14:01:19Z 2024-01-19T14:01:19Z 2022-01-10 2021-09 2040-3364 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/116523 The development of low-cost, high-efficiency electrocatalysts is of primary importance for hydrogen energy technology. Noble metal-based catalysts have been extensively studied for decades; however, activity and durability issues still remain a challenge. In recent years, carbon shell-encapsulated metal (M@C) catalysts have drawn great attention as novel materials for water electrolysis and fuel cell applications. These electrochemical reactions are governed mainly by interfacial charge transfer between the core metal and the outer carbon shell, which alters the electronic structure of the catalyst surface. Furthermore, the rationally designed and fine-tuned carbon shell plays a very interesting role as a protective layer or molecular sieve layer to improve the performance and durability of energy conversion systems. Herein, we review recent advances in the use of M@C type nanocatalysts for extensive applications in fuel cells and water electrolysis with a focus on the structural design and electronic structure modulation of carbon shell-encapsulated metal/alloys. Finally, we highlight the current challenges and future perspectives of these catalytic materials and related technologies in this field. English Royal Society of Chemistry Emerging carbon shell-encapsulated metal nanocatalysts for fuel cells and water electrolysis Article 10.1039/d1nr01328a 1 Nanoscale, v.13, no.36, pp.15116 - 15141 Nanoscale 13 36 15116 15141 N scie scopus 000686261500001 2-s2.0-85116069208 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Physics, Applied Chemistry Science & Technology - Other Topics Materials Science Physics Review; Early Access NITROGEN-DOPED CARBON OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION HYDROGEN EVOLUTION REACTION ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE ENHANCED ELECTROCATALYTIC ACTIVITY BIFUNCTIONAL ELECTROCATALYSTS FACILE SYNTHESIS CORE-SHELL DURABLE ELECTROCATALYST BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES