Kim, Evgenii Anguluan, Eloise Kum, Jeungeun Sanchez-Casanova, Jorge Park, Tae Young Kim, Jae Gwan Kim, Hyungmin 2024-01-19T14:30:45Z 2024-01-19T14:30:45Z 2021-10-21 2021-07 0018-9294 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/116810 Objective: Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) has drawn considerable attention in the neuroscience field as a noninvasive approach to modulate brain circuits. However, the conventional approach requires the use of anesthetized or immobilized animal models, which places considerable restrictions on behavior and affects treatment. Thus, this work presents a wireless, wearable system to achieve ultrasound brain stimulation in freely behaving animals. Methods: The wearable tFUS system was developed based on a microcontroller and amplifier circuit. Brain activity induced by tFUS was monitored through cerebral hemodynamic changes using near-infrared spectroscopy. The system was also applied to stroke rehabilitation after temporal middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) in rats. Temperature calculations and histological results showed the safety of the application even with prolonged 40 min sonication. Results: The output ultrasonic wave produced from a custom PZT transducer had a central frequency of 457 kHz and peak to peak pressure of 426 kPa. The device weight was 20 g, allowing a full range of motion. The stimulation was found to induce hemodynamic changes in the sonicated area, while open-field tests showed that ultrasound applied to the ipsilateral hemisphere for 5 consecutive days after the stroke facilitated recovery. Conclusion: The wearable tFUS system has been designed and implemented on moving rats. The results showed the ability of device to cause both short- and long lasting effects. Significance: The proposed device provides a more natural environment to investigate the effects of tFUS for behavioral and long-term studies. English IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PULSED ULTRASOUND BRAIN INJURY Wearable Transcranial Ultrasound System for Remote Stimulation of Freely Moving Animal Article 10.1109/TBME.2020.3038018 1 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, v.68, no.7, pp.2195 - 2202 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 68 7 2195 2202 scie scopus 000663531500015 2-s2.0-85097160695 Engineering, Biomedical Engineering Article PULSED ULTRASOUND BRAIN INJURY Animals Ultrasonic imaging Rats Transducers Hemodynamics Acoustics Wireless communication Brain stimulation stroke rehabilitation therapeutic ultrasound wireless system