Kim, Hanseob Ali, Ghazanfar Pastor, Andreas Lee, Myungho Kim, Gerard J. Hwang, Jae-In 2024-01-19T15:04:56Z 2024-01-19T15:04:56Z 2022-01-10 2021-03 2076-3417 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/117301 Realistic interactions with real objects (e.g., animals, toys, robots) in an augmented reality (AR) environment enhances the user experience. The common AR apps on the market achieve realistic interactions by superimposing pre-modeled virtual proxies on the real objects in the AR environment. This way user perceives the interaction with virtual proxies as interaction with real objects. However, catering to environment change, shape deformation, and view update is not a trivial task. Our proposed method uses the dynamic silhouette of a real object to enable realistic interactions. Our approach is practical, lightweight, and requires no additional hardware besides the device camera. For a case study, we designed a mobile AR application to interact with real animal dolls. Our scenario included a virtual human performing four types of realistic interactions. Results demonstrated our method's stability that does not require pre-modeled virtual proxies in case of shape deformation and view update. We also conducted a pilot study using our approach and reported significant improvements in user perception of spatial awareness and presence for realistic interactions with a virtual human. English MDPI Silhouettes from Real Objects Enable Realistic Interactions with a Virtual Human in Mobile Augmented Reality Article 10.3390/app11062763 1 APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL, v.11, no.6 APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 11 6 scie scopus 000645694900001 2-s2.0-85103493004 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Engineering, Multidisciplinary Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Physics, Applied Chemistry Engineering Materials Science Physics Article augmented reality mobile AR deep learning segmentation realistic interaction virtual human perceptual issue occlusion multi-modal system user experience