Kim, Seongbeom Kim, Chi-Yeol Park, Sook-Young Kim, Ki-Tae Jeon, Jongbum Chung, Hyunjung Choi, Gobong Kwon, Seomun Choi, Jaeyoung Jeon, Junhyun Jeon, Jong-Seong Khang, Chang Hyun Kang, Seogchan Lee, Yong-Hwan 2024-01-19T16:04:29Z 2024-01-19T16:04:29Z 2021-09-02 2020-11 2041-1723 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/117894 Pathogens utilize multiple types of effectors to modulate plant immunity. Although many apoplastic and cytoplasmic effectors have been reported, nuclear effectors have not been well characterized in fungal pathogens. Here, we characterize two nuclear effectors of the rice blast pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae. Both nuclear effectors are secreted via the biotrophic interfacial complex, translocated into the nuclei of initially penetrated and surrounding cells, and reprogram the expression of immunity-associated genes by binding on effector binding elements in rice. Their expression in transgenic rice causes ambivalent immunity: increased susceptibility to M. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, hemibiotrophic pathogens, but enhanced resistance to Cochliobolus miyabeanus, a necrotrophic pathogen. Our findings help remedy a significant knowledge deficiency in the mechanism of M. oryzae-rice interactions and underscore how effector-mediated manipulation of plant immunity by one pathogen may also affect the disease severity by other pathogens. Plant pathogens secrete various effectors to manipulate host immunity. Here, Kim et al. describe two Magnaporthe oryzae effectors that translocate into the nuclei of infected rice cells and reprogram expression of immunity-associated genes, increasing susceptibility to hemibiotrophic pathogens. English Nature Publishing Group Two nuclear effectors of the rice blast fungus modulate host immunity via transcriptional reprogramming Article 10.1038/s41467-020-19624-w 1 Nature Communications, v.11, no.1 Nature Communications 11 1 Y scie scopus 000594728700022 2-s2.0-85096121800 Multidisciplinary Sciences Science & Technology - Other Topics Article PROTEIN LOCALIZATION GENE RECONSTRUCTION EXPRESSION PREDICTION VECTORS MUTANTS CELLS