Lee, Dahae Yu, Jae Sik Huang, Peng Qader, Mallique Manavalan, Arulmani Wu, Xiaohua Kim, Jin-Chul Pang, Changhyun Cao, Shugeng Kang, Ki Sung Kim, Ki Hyun 2024-01-19T16:31:01Z 2024-01-19T16:31:01Z 2021-08-31 2020-11 1420-3049 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/117973 Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit juice has been used in Polynesia as a traditional folk medicine and is very popular worldwide as a functional food supplement. In this study, compounds present in Hawaiian Noni fruit juice, with anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were identified. Five compounds were isolated using a bioassay-driven technique and phytochemical analysis of noni fruit juice: asperulosidic acid (1), rutin (2), nonioside A (3), (2E,4E,7Z)-deca-2,4,7-trienoate-2-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside (4), and tricetin (5). The structures of these five compounds were determined via NMR spectroscopy and LC/MS. In an anti-inflammatory assay, compounds 1-5 inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO), which is a proinflammatory mediator, in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Moreover, the mechanisms underlying the anti-inflammatory effects of compounds 1-5 were investigated. Parallel to the inhibition of NO production, treatment with compounds 1-5 downregulated the expression of IKK alpha/beta, I-kappa B alpha, and NF-kappa B p65 in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, treatment with compounds 1-5 downregulated the expression of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Thus, these data demonstrated that compounds 1-5 present in noni fruit juice, exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity; these active compounds may contribute preventively and therapeutically against inflammatory diseases. English MDPI NF-KAPPA-B NITRIC-OXIDE CONSTITUENTS INFLAMMATION MACROPHAGES GLYCOSIDES Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Hawaiian Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Juice Article 10.3390/molecules25214968 1 MOLECULES, v.25, no.21 MOLECULES 25 21 scie scopus 000589283800001 2-s2.0-85095405078 Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Chemistry Article NF-KAPPA-B NITRIC-OXIDE CONSTITUENTS INFLAMMATION MACROPHAGES GLYCOSIDES noni Morinda citrifolia anti-inflammation NO production RAW 264 7 cells