Kang, Inhan Choi, Minwook Lee, Deukhee Noh, Gunwoo 2024-01-19T16:34:41Z 2024-01-19T16:34:41Z 2021-09-02 2020-09 2076-3417 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/118191 Finite element (FE) modeling of the passive ligamentous spine is widely used to assess various biomechanical behaviors. Currently, FE models that incorporate the vertebrae, ligaments, and the personalized geometry of the bony spine may be used in conjunction with external loads from the muscles. However, while the muscles place a load (moment) on the spine and support it simultaneously, the effect of the passive support from the adjacent spinal muscles has not been considered. This study thus aims to investigate the effect of passive support from the psoas major, quadratus lumborum, and erector muscles on the range of motion (RoM) and intradiscal pressure (IDP) of the lumbar spine. Various L2-sacrum spinal models that differed only in their muscle properties were constructed and loaded with a pure moment (2.5-15.0 Nm) alone or combined with a compressive (440 or 1000 N) follower load. The RoM and IDP of the model that excluded the effect of muscles closely matched previous FE results under the corresponding load conditions. When the muscles (40-160 kPa) were included in the FE model, the RoM at L2 was reduced by up to 6.57% under a pure moment (10 Nm). The IDP was reduced by up to 6.45% under flexion and 6.84% under extension. It was also found that the erector muscles had a greater effect than the psoas major and quadratus muscles. English MDPI MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES STRESS-ANALYSIS MOLTEN SLAG LIGAMENT DISK GRANULATION PRESSURE BEHAVIOR IMPACT INTACT Effect of Passive Support of the Spinal Muscles on the Biomechanics of a Lumbar Finite Element Model Article 10.3390/app10186278 1 APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL, v.10, no.18 APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 10 18 scie scopus 000581802500001 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Engineering, Multidisciplinary Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Physics, Applied Chemistry Engineering Materials Science Physics Article MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES STRESS-ANALYSIS MOLTEN SLAG LIGAMENT DISK GRANULATION PRESSURE BEHAVIOR IMPACT INTACT spine muscle finite element analysis range of motion intradiscal pressure