Choi, Pilju Kim, Kwantae Kim, Taejung Park, Young-Tae Song, Bong Geun Shin, Myoung-Sook Kim, Yong Ho Hwang, Gwi Seo Kang, Ki Sung Ham, Jungyeob 2024-01-19T20:34:47Z 2024-01-19T20:34:47Z 2021-09-02 2019-02-01 0960-894X https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/120366 To increase the contents of medicinally effective ginsenosides, we used high-temperature and high-pressure thermal processing of ginseng by exposing it to microwave irradiation. To determine the anti-melanoma effect, the malignant melanoma SK-MEL-2 cell line was treated with an extract of microwave-irradiated ginseng. Microwave irradiation caused changes in the ginsenoside contents: the amounts of ginsenosides Rg1, Re, Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd were disappeared, while those of less polar ginsenosides, such as Rg3, Rg5, and Rk1, were increased. In particular, the contents of Rk1 and Rg5 markedly increased. Melanoma cells treated with the microwave-irradiated ginseng extract showed markedly increased cell death. The results indicate that the microwave-irradiated ginseng extract induced melanoma cell death via the apoptotic pathway and that the cytotoxic effect of the microwave-irradiated ginseng extract is attributable to the increased contents of specific ginsenosides. English Pergamon Press Ltd. PANAX-GINSENG AMERICAN GINSENG EXTRACT BERRY RG3 Application of microwave-irradiation technique in deglycosylation of ginsenosides for improving apoptosis induction in human melanoma SK-MEL-2 cells Article 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.12.033 1 Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, v.29, no.3, pp.400 - 405 Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 29 3 400 405 scie scopus 000456406800011 2-s2.0-85059024039 Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry, Organic Pharmacology & Pharmacy Chemistry Article PANAX-GINSENG AMERICAN GINSENG EXTRACT BERRY RG3 Apoptosis Ginseng Ginsenoside Melanoma Microwave irradiation