Park, Kwang-Sook Kim, Byoung-Ju Lih, Eugene Park, Wooram Lee, Soo-Hong Joung, Yoon Ki Han, Dong Keun 2024-01-19T22:33:03Z 2024-01-19T22:33:03Z 2021-09-03 2018-06 1742-7061 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/121300 Artificial scaffolds made up of various synthetic biodegradable polymers have been reported to have many advantages including cheap manufacturing, easy scale up, high mechanical strength, convenient manipulation, and molding into an unlimited variety of shapes. However, the synthetic biodegradable polymers still have the insufficiency for cartilage regeneration owing to their acidic degradation products. To reduce acidification by degradation of synthetic polymers, we incorporated magnesium hydroxide (MH) nanoparticles into porous polymer scaffold not only to effectively neutralize the acidic hydrolysate but also to minimize the structural disturbance of scaffolds. The neutralization effect of poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid; PLGA)/MH scaffold was confirmed with the maintenance of neutral pH, contrary to a PLGA scaffold with low pH. Further, the scaffolds were applied to evaluate the chondrogenic differentiation of the human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In in vitro study, the PLGA/MH scaffold enhanced the chondrogenesis markers and reduced the calcification, compared to the PLGA scaffold. Additionally, the PLGA/MH scaffold reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines, compared to the PLGA scaffold, as the cell death decreased. Moreover, the addition of MH reduced necrotic cell death at the early stage of chondrogenic differentiation. Further, the necrotic cell death by the PLGA scaffold was mediated by cleavage of caspase-1, the so-called interleukin 1-converting enzyme, and MH alleviated it as well as nuclear factor kappa B expression. Furthermore, the PLGA/MH scaffold highly supported chondrogenic healing of rat osteochondral defect sites in in vivo study. Therefore, it was suggested that a synthetic polymer scaffold containing MH could be a novel healing tool to support cartilage regeneration and further treatment of orthopedic patients. (C) 2018 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. English ELSEVIER SCI LTD MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES EXTRACELLULAR PH MATRIX SYNTHESIS TNF-ALPHA CARTILAGE CALCIFICATION STABILITY ACID DIFFERENTIATION Versatile effects of magnesium hydroxide nanoparticles in PLGA scaffold-mediated chondrogenesis Article 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.022 1 ACTA BIOMATERIALIA, v.73, pp.204 - 216 ACTA BIOMATERIALIA 73 204 216 scie scopus 000436222600016 2-s2.0-85046148459 Engineering, Biomedical Materials Science, Biomaterials Engineering Materials Science Article MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES EXTRACELLULAR PH MATRIX SYNTHESIS TNF-ALPHA CARTILAGE CALCIFICATION STABILITY ACID DIFFERENTIATION Magnesium hydroxide Chondrogenesis Calcification Cell death Inflammation