Lee, A. Hirabayashi, Y. Kwon, S.-K. Lewis, T.L. Jr, Polleux, F. 2024-01-19T22:33:58Z 2024-01-19T22:33:58Z 2021-09-02 2018-06 2468-8673 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/121350 Mitochondria play numerous critical physiological functions in neurons including ATP production, Ca2+ regulation, lipid synthesis, ROS signaling, and the ability to trigger apoptosis. Recently developed technologies, including in vivo 2-photon imaging in awake behaving mice revealed that unlike in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), mitochondrial transport decreases strikingly along the axons of adult neurons of the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, the improvements of genetically-encoded biosensors have enabled precise monitoring of the spatial and temporal impact of mitochondria on Ca2+, ATP and ROS homeostasis in a compartment-specific manner. Here, we discuss recent findings that begin to unravel novel physiological and pathophysiological properties of neuronal mitochondria at synapses. We also suggest new directions in the exploration of mitochondrial function in synaptic transmission, plasticity and neurodegeneration. ？ 2018 Elsevier Ltd English Elsevier Ltd Emerging roles of mitochondria in synaptic transmission and neurodegeneration Article 10.1016/j.cophys.2018.03.009 1 Current Opinion in Physiology, v.3, pp.82 - 93 Current Opinion in Physiology 3 82 93 N scopus 2-s2.0-85051045811 Review adenosine triphosphate calcium ion parkin PINK1 protein reactive oxygen metabolite regulator protein triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 unclassified drug Alzheimer disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis central nervous system disorders of mitochondrial functions endoplasmic reticulum gene mutation human Huntington chorea mitochondrial dynamics mitochondrion mitophagy nerve cell nerve cell plasticity nerve degeneration nonhuman Parkinson disease pathophysiology physiology Review synapse synaptic transmission TREM2 gene synaptic transmission mitochondria ER neurogeneration mitochondria-ER tethering