Choi, Min Sung Park, Sulki Lee, Hyunjoo Park, Ho Seok 2024-01-19T23:33:36Z 2024-01-19T23:33:36Z 2022-01-25 2018-01 1976-4251 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/121831 Hierarchically porous, chemically activated carbon materials are readily derived from biomass using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and chemical activation processes. In this study, empty fruit bunches (EFB) were chosen as the carbon source due to their sustainability, high lignin-content, abundance, and low cost. The lignin content in the EFB was condensed and carbonized into a bulk non-porous solid via the HTC process, and then transformed into a hierarchical porous structure consisting of macro- and micropores by chemical activation. As confirmed by various characterization results, the optimum activation temperature for supercapacitor applications was determined to be 700 degrees C. The enhanced capacitive performance is attributed to the textural property of the extremely high specific surface area of 2861.4 m(2) g(-1). The prepared material exhibited hierarchical porosity and surface features with oxygen functionalities, such as carboxyl and hydroxyl groups, suitable for pseudoca-pacitance. Finally, the as-optimized nanoporous carbons exhibited remarkable capacitive performance, with a specific capacitance of 402.3 F g(-1) at 0.5 A g(-1), a good rate capability of 79.8% at current densities from 0.5 A g(-1) to 10 A g(-1), and excellent life cycle behavior of 10,000 cycles with 96.5% capacitance retention at 20 A g(-1). English KOREAN CARBON SOC Hierarchically nanoporous carbons derived from empty fruit bunches for high performance supercapacitors Article 10.5714/CL.2018.25.103 1 CARBON LETTERS, v.25, no.1, pp.103 - 112 CARBON LETTERS 25 1 103 112 N scie scopus kci ART002313889 000429911400013 2-s2.0-85044677780 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry Materials Science Article AREA-ACTIVATED CARBON REDUCED GRAPHENE OXIDE HIGH-ENERGY DENSITY WASTE CORN COB CHEMICAL ACTIVATION STEAM ACTIVATION POROUS CARBON HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION ELECTROCHEMICAL CAPACITORS SURFACE MODIFICATION porous carbon activated carbon hierarchical structure biomass supercapacitor