Go, Ga-Yeon Lee, Sang-Jin Jo, Ayoung Lee, Jaecheol Seo, Dong-Wan Kang, Jong-Sun Kim, Si-Kwan Kim, Su-Nam Kim, Yong Kee Bae, Gyu-Un 2024-01-20T00:32:00Z 2024-01-20T00:32:00Z 2021-09-04 2017-10 1226-8453 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/122245 Background: Ginsenoside Rg1 belongs to protopanaxatriol-type ginsenosides and has diverse pharmacological activities. In this report, we investigated whether Rg1 could upregulate muscular stem cell differentiation and muscle growth. Methods: C2C12 myoblasts, MyoD-transfected 10T1/2 embryonic fibroblasts, and HEK293T cells were treated with Rg1 and differentiated for 2 d, subjected to immunoblotting, immunocytochemistry, or immunoprecipitation. Results: Rg1 activated promyogenic kinases, p38MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and Akt signaling, that in turn promote the heterodimerization with MyoD and E proteins, resulting in enhancing myogenic differentiation. Through the activation of Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, Rg1 induced myotube growth and prevented dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy. Furthermore, Rg1 increased MyoD-dependent myogenic conversion of fibroblast. Conclusion: Rg1 upregulates promyogenic kinases, especially Akt, resulting in improvement of myoblast differentiation and myotube growth. (C) 2017 The Korean Society of Ginseng, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC. English KOREAN SOC GINSENG ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE SKELETAL-MUSCLE DIFFERENTIATION FOXO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS PATHWAY CELL HYPERTROPHY MYOGENESIS ATROPHY CDO EXPRESSION Ginsenoside Rg1 from Panax ginseng enhances myoblast differentiation and myotube growth Article 10.1016/j.jgr.2017.05.006 1 JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH, v.41, no.4, pp.608 - 614 JOURNAL OF GINSENG RESEARCH 41 4 608 614 scie scopus kci ART002274318 000413583900024 2-s2.0-85021741713 Plant Sciences Chemistry, Medicinal Integrative & Complementary Medicine Plant Sciences Pharmacology & Pharmacy Integrative & Complementary Medicine Article ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE SKELETAL-MUSCLE DIFFERENTIATION FOXO TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS PATHWAY CELL HYPERTROPHY MYOGENESIS ATROPHY CDO EXPRESSION ginsenoside Rg1 myoblast differentiation myogenic conversion myotube hypertrophy promyogenic signaling