Yu, Youngbeom Lee, Seockheon Maeng, Sung Kyu 2024-01-20T01:30:43Z 2024-01-20T01:30:43Z 2022-01-25 2017-06 2220-1319 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/122661 Membrane fouling properties and different physical cleaning methods for forward osmosis (FO) and reverse osmosis (RO) laboratory-scale filtration systems were investigated. The membrane fouling, with respect to flux reduction, was lower in FO than in RO when testing an activated sludge effluent. Cross-flow velocity, air-scouring, osmotic backwashing and effect of a spacer were compared to determine the most effective cleaning method for FO. After a long period of fouling with activated sludge, the flux was fully recovered in a short period of osmotic backwashing compared with cleaning by changing cross-flow velocity and air-scouring. In this study, the osmotic backwashing was found to be the most efficient way to clean the FO membrane. The amount of RNA recovered from FO membranes was about twice that for RO membranes; biofouling could be more significant in FO than in RO. However, the membrane fouling in FO was lower than that in RO. The spacer increased the flux in FO with activated sludge liquor suspended solids of 2,500 mg/L, and there were effects of spacer on performance of FO-MBR membrane fouling. However, further studies are required to determine how the spacer geometry influences on the performance of the FO membrane. English IWA PUBLISHING Forward osmosis membrane fouling and cleaning for wastewater reuse Article 10.2166/wrd.2016.023 1 JOURNAL OF WATER REUSE AND DESALINATION, v.7, no.2, pp.111 - 120 JOURNAL OF WATER REUSE AND DESALINATION 7 2 111 120 N scie scopus 000400139700001 2-s2.0-85018366498 Engineering, Environmental Water Resources Engineering Water Resources Article AMMONIA-CARBON DIOXIDE REVERSE-OSMOSIS NANOFILTRATION MEMBRANES ORGANIC-MATTER CONTACTOR PROCESSES PROCESS PERFORMANCE PHYSICAL ASPECTS PART I MECHANISMS PRETREATMENT air-scouring cross-flow velocity forward osmosis membrane fouling osmotic backwashing spacer