Huyen Thanh Vo Yeo, Seung Mi Dahnum, Deliana Jae, Jungho Hong, Chang Seop Lee, Hyunjoo 2024-01-20T01:34:31Z 2024-01-20T01:34:31Z 2021-09-01 2017-04-01 1385-8947 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/122863 A solvent-free alpha-allcylation of acetone with butanol and ethanol was conducted using a mixture of Pd/C and CaO as heterogeneous catalysts. After reaction at 180 degrees C for 20 h, allcylated products, including C-5-C-11 ketones and alcohols, were obtained with a total yield of 78.1%. After this alpha-alkylation, consecutive hydrodeoxygenation at 270 degrees C for 20 h under H-2 at 500 psig yielded 74.7% C-5-C-11 alkanes based on the amount of acetone. The product could be used as a bio-gasoline. After alkylation, the catalyst was isolated and characterized using XRD, TGA, XPS, and TEM to elucidate the deactivation of the catalyst. The main reason was found to be decreased basicity of Ca species by conversion of CaO to CaCO3 during the reaction. The Pd/C particles were slightly agglomerated after alkylation, but still retained their catalytic activity during successive reuses for the alkylation reaction. In subsequent runs, the activity of the used catalyst could be recovered by adding a sufficient amount of CaO, or by decarboxylation of CaCO3 to CaO at 500 degrees C, under H-2. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. English ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PRIMARY ALCOHOLS CALCIUM-CARBONATE KETONES FERMENTATION HYDROGENATION CONVERSION BIOFUEL Pd/C-CaO-catalyzed alpha-alkylation and hydrodeoxygenation of an acetone-butanol-ethanol mixture for biogasoline synthesis Article 10.1016/j.cej.2016.11.044 1 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, v.313, pp.1486 - 1493 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 313 1486 1493 scie scopus 000394723200151 2-s2.0-85028259779 Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering Article PRIMARY ALCOHOLS CALCIUM-CARBONATE KETONES FERMENTATION HYDROGENATION CONVERSION BIOFUEL C-C coupling Aldol-condensation Hydrodeoxygenation ABE mixture Biofuel