Park, Chang-Beom Jang, Jiyi Kim, Sanghun Kim, Young Jun 2024-01-20T02:01:55Z 2024-01-20T02:01:55Z 2022-01-25 2017-03 0147-6513 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/122970 In freshwater environments, aquatic organisms are generally exposed to mixtures of various chemical substances. In this study, we tested the toxicity of three organic UV-filters (ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, and avobenzone) to Daphnia magna in order to evaluate the combined toxicity of these substances when in they occur in a mixture. The values of effective concentrations (ECx) for each UV-filter were calculated by concentration-response curves; concentration-combinations of three different UV-filters in a mixture were determined by the fraction of components based on EC25 values predicted by concentration addition (CA) model. The interaction between the UV-filters were also assessed by model deviation ratio (MDR) using observed and predicted toxicity values obtained from mixture-exposure tests and CA model. The results from this study indicated that observed ECx(mix) (e.g., EC10mix, EC25mix, or EC50mix) values obtained from mixture-exposure tests were higher than predicted ECx(mix) (e.g.,EC10mix, EC25mix, or EC50mix) values calculated by CA model. MDR values were also less than a factor of 1.0 in a mixtures of three different UV-filters. Based on these results, we suggest for the first time a reduction of toxic effects in the mixtures of three UV-filters, caused by antagonistic action of the components. Our findings from this study will provide important information for hazard or risk assessment of organic UV-filters, when they existed together in the aquatic environment To better understand the mixture toxicity and the interaction of components in a mixture, further studies for various combinations of mixture components are also required. English ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE Single- and mixture toxicity of three organic UV-filters, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene, and avobenzone on Daphnia magna Article 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.11.017 1 ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY, v.137, pp.57 - 63 ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 137 57 63 N scie scopus 000392786400008 Environmental Sciences Toxicology Environmental Sciences & Ecology Toxicology Article AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY SURFACE WATERS WASTE-WATER FISH SUNSCREEN CHLORPYRIFOS ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT PERSONAL-CARE PRODUCTS CHIRONOMUS-RIPARIUS Antagonistic effect Mixture toxicity Concentration addition Daphnia magna Organic UV-filters