Lee, Soonjae Kwon, Kyu-Sang Ryu, Jae-Chun Song, Mi-Kyung Pflugmacher, Stephan Park, Chanhyuk Lee, Sang-Hyup Park, Chul-Hwi Choi, Jae-Woo 2024-01-20T07:30:58Z 2024-01-20T07:30:58Z 2021-09-05 2015-04 0049-6979 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/125595 A pure clay ball and surface-modified clay ball were investigated to remove phosphate from synthetic wastewater; phosphate causes eutrophication in hydro-ecological systems. Adsorption tests of phosphate from aqueous solutions onto two types of adsorbents were conducted. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacities of the pure and surface-modified clay ball were found to be 0.084 and 8.869 mg/g, respectively. In a fixed-bed column packed with surface-modified clay balls, the first breakthrough of phosphate appeared after approximately 4000 min. In addition, the phosphate adsorbed on the surface-modified clay ball was effectively desorbed using a 1 M zirconium sulfate solution, and the adsorbent was regenerated for four adsorption and three desorption cycles by maintaining the adsorption capacity at the value before regeneration. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis method were performed to reveal the characteristics of the surface-modified clay ball. Cytotoxicity experiment was conducted on the developed adsorbents, and as a result, these showed low cytotoxic effect on the human cells. These results indicated that the surface-modified clay ball, due to the low cost, high adsorption capacity, and non-toxicity, has the potential to be utilized in the cost-effective removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions. English Kluwer Academic Publishers Effective Treatment of Nutrients by Adsorption onto the Surface of a Modified Clay and a Toxicity Evaluation of the Adsorbent Article 10.1007/s11270-015-2376-8 1 Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, v.226, no.4 Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 226 4 N scie scopus 000351523700028 2-s2.0-84961329064 Environmental Sciences Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Water Resources Environmental Sciences & Ecology Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences Water Resources Article PHOSPHATE REMOVAL AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS SORPTION BEHAVIOR ION-EXCHANGE EUTROPHICATION BENTONITE SULFATE WASTE GREEN BATCH Phosphate Clay Surface modification Adsorption Toxicity