Hae-Kap Cheong 김낙균 Chaejoon Cheong 2024-01-20T07:34:42Z 2024-01-20T07:34:42Z 2022-01-10 2015-02 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/125788 RNA hairpins are among the most common RNA secondary structural elements and are frequently capped by RNA tetraloops. RNA tetraloops are composed of characteristic four-loop nucleotides that form a compact and stable structure. While they can be formed by many different nucleotide sequences, UNCG (N？=？A, C, G, or U), GNRA (R？=？A or G), and CUUG tetraloops are found most often. Tetraloops usually help initiate RNA-folding processes and provide sites for tertiary contacts within or between RNAs and for protein binding, thereby facilitating the assembly of ribonucleoprotein particles. Tetraloop interactions can be either sequence- or structure-specific. Herein, we discuss the structures of RNA tetraloops and their interactions with other RNA structural motifs and with RNA-binding proteins. English Wiley RNA structure: Tetraloops Article 10.1002/9780470015902.a0003135.pub3 1 Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, v.-, pp.1 - 6 Encyclopedia of Life Sciences - 1 6 N other RNA tetraloop structure