Lee, Byoung-Sun Seo, Jong-Hyun Son, Seoung-Bum Kim, Seul Cham Choi, In-Suk Ahn, Jae-Pyoung Oh, Kyu Hwan Lee, Se-Hee Yu, Woong-Ryeol 2024-01-20T12:03:00Z 2024-01-20T12:03:00Z 2021-09-05 2013-07 1936-0851 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/127923 In the foreseeable future, there will be a sharp increase in the demand for flexible Li-ion batteries. One of the most important components of such batteries will be a freestanding electrode, because the traditional electrodes are easily damaged by repeated deformations. The mechanical sustainability of carbon-based freestanding electrodes subjected to repeated electrochemical reactions with Li ions is investigated via nanotensile tests of individual hollow carbon nanofibers (HCNFs). Surprisingly, the mechanical properties of such electrodes are improved by repeated electrochemical reactions with Li ions, which is contrary to the conventional wisdom that the mechanical sustainability of carbon-based electrodes should be degraded by repeated electrochemical reactions. Microscopic studies reveal a reinforcing mechanism behind this improvement, namely, that inserted Li ions form irreversible face-centered-cubic (FCC) crystals within HCNF cavities, which can reinforce the carbonaceous matrix as strong second-phase particles. These FCC Li crystals formed within the carbon matrix create tremendous potential for HCNFs as freestanding electrodes for flexible batteries, but they also contribute to the irreversible (and thus low) capacity of HCNFs. English AMER CHEMICAL SOC COMPOSITE PAPER NANOTUBE PAPER GRAPHENE PAPER ANODE MATERIAL NANOPARTICLES FABRICATION CAPACITY BEHAVIOR Face-Centered-Cubic Lithium Crystals Formed in Mesopores of Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes Article 10.1021/nn4019625 1 ACS NANO, v.7, no.7, pp.5801 - 5807 ACS NANO 7 7 5801 5807 scie scopus 000322417400019 2-s2.0-84880793327 Chemistry, Multidisciplinary Chemistry, Physical Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Chemistry Science & Technology - Other Topics Materials Science Article COMPOSITE PAPER NANOTUBE PAPER GRAPHENE PAPER ANODE MATERIAL NANOPARTICLES FABRICATION CAPACITY BEHAVIOR hollow carbon nanofibers flexible Li-ion battery freestanding electrode irreversible capacity Li FCC crystal