Yamabe, Noriko Kim, Young-Joo Lee, Seungyong Cho, Eun-Ju Park, Soon-Hye Ham, Jungyeob Kim, Hyun Young Kang, Ki Sung 2024-01-20T12:04:14Z 2024-01-20T12:04:14Z 2021-09-05 2013-06-01 0308-8146 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/127982 Ginsenosides are the main active components of Panax ginseng. Structural changes in diol type ginsenosides along with generation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are strongly associated with increased free radical-scavenging activities. Ginsenoside Re, one of the major triol type ginsenosides of P. ginseng, possesses a hydrophobic four-ring steroid-like structure with hydrophilic sugar moieties at carbons-3 and -20. The aim of the present study was to identify changes in the structure, antioxidant and anticancer effects of ginsenoside Re upon Maillard reaction. Ginsenoside Re was transformed into less-polar ginsenosides, namely Rg(2), Rg(6) and F-4 by heat-processing. Free radical-scavenging activity of the ginsenoside Re-lysine mixture increased upon heat processing. This improved free radical-scavenging activity mediated by antioxidant MRPs, which were generated through Maillard reaction of a glucosyl moiety separated from carbon-20 of ginsenoside Re and lysine. The increased anticancer effect of ginsenoside Re-lysine mixture upon heat processing was mainly derived from the generation of less-polar ginsenosides through the regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax, as well as caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway. These results reported here have shed significant new lights on the mechanism of increased antioxidant and anticancer effects of P. ginseng upon heat processing. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. English ELSEVIER SCI LTD RADICAL-SCAVENGING ACTIVITY GASTRIC-CANCER CELLS DAMMARANE GLYCOSIDE REACTION-PRODUCTS PANAX-GINSENG MODEL SYSTEM APOPTOSIS PATHWAYS EXTRACT ADENOCARCINOMA Increase in antioxidant and anticancer effects of ginsenoside Re-lysine mixture by Mail lard reaction Article 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.12.004 1 FOOD CHEMISTRY, v.138, no.2-3, pp.876 - 883 FOOD CHEMISTRY 138 2-3 876 883 scie scopus 000316039500024 2-s2.0-84873717973 Chemistry, Applied Food Science & Technology Nutrition & Dietetics Chemistry Food Science & Technology Nutrition & Dietetics Article RADICAL-SCAVENGING ACTIVITY GASTRIC-CANCER CELLS DAMMARANE GLYCOSIDE REACTION-PRODUCTS PANAX-GINSENG MODEL SYSTEM APOPTOSIS PATHWAYS EXTRACT ADENOCARCINOMA Panax ginseng Maillard reaction Ginsenoside Lysine Antioxidant Anticancer effect