Kim, Jongwoon Kim, Sanghun Schaumann, Gabriele E. 2024-01-20T12:32:51Z 2024-01-20T12:32:51Z 2022-01-25 2013-04 1545-9624 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/128168 Two different methods, Key Critical Component (KCC) and Composite Reciprocal (CR), are used to derive Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNECs) and Derived No Effect Level (DNELs) that are employed in mixture risk assessment. A case study was conducted on coating products and a computational simulation of the KCC and CR methods. The KCC method considers only one key critical component as the whole mixture of equal danger, whereas the CR method indirectly considers the contribution of each component to mixture toxicity. Computational simulation is the first approach that adopts a theoretical perspective in discussing the causes of different outcomes between models and how the two methods should be applied for regulatory purposes in terms of concept, implementation, and performance. The deviation between the two models was highly dependent on the number of mixture components having similarly weighted DNELs (or PNECs). Therefore, if risk assessment using the KCC or CR method needs to be achieved, then the number of mixture components with similarly weighted DNELs (or PNECs) should be checked first. In this study, as a tentative alternative to the existing KCC and CR methods, a tiered approach combining Enhanced KCC (e-KCC) and CR methods was proposed and discussed. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene for the following free supplemental resources: Material Safety Data Sheets for coating products.] English TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC A Case Study and a Computational Simulation of the European Union Draft Technical Guidance Documents for Chemical Safety Assessment of Mixtures: Limitations and a Tentative Alternative Article 10.1080/15459624.2012.761022 1 JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE, v.10, no.4, pp.181 - 193 JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE 10 4 181 193 N scie scopus 000315488000004 Environmental Sciences Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Environmental Sciences & Ecology Public, Environmental & Occupational Health Article TOXICITY HORMESIS REACH computational simulation composite reciprocal method DNEL key critical component method mixture risk assessment PNEC