Lee, Soo Hyun Yang, Hyun Ok Kwon, Hak Cheol Jung, Byung Hwa 2024-01-20T14:00:18Z 2024-01-20T14:00:18Z 2021-09-05 2012-10-01 1570-0232 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/128775 Glionitrin A (GN A) is a new diketopiperazine disulfide with an aromatic nitro group, which is isolated from the coculture of an Aspergillus fumigatus fungal strain and a Sphingomonas bacterial strain. After intravenous administration of GN A in rats, 13 urinary metabolites of GN A were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (UPLC-QTOP-MS) analysis in conjunction with data processing programs such as MetaboLynx (TM) and MassFragnent (TM). Reduction, nitro-reduction and hydration were the primary metabolic processes affecting GN A in vivo, followed by demethylation or oxidative deamination to alcohol, as well as cysteine, glycine, glucuronide or sulfate conjugation. The metabolite resulting from reduction was found to be a molecule with a dithiol group, and the metabolite made by nitro reduction was found to be an aromatic amine corresponding to GN A. Both of these products may have pharmacological or toxicological activity, which is valuable information in terms of using GN A as a lead compound. In addition, this work showed that UPLC-QTOP-MS analysis coupled with efficient data processing programs is useful for rapid and reliable characterization of GN A metabolites in vivo. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. English ELSEVIER 1-NITROPYRENE MICROSOMES MECHANISM TOXICITY TOXIN Identification of the urinary metabolites of glionitrin A in rats using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry Article 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.08.015 1 JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES, v.906, pp.33 - 40 JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES 906 33 40 scie scopus 000309440600005 2-s2.0-84866519272 Biochemical Research Methods Chemistry, Analytical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Chemistry Article 1-NITROPYRENE MICROSOMES MECHANISM TOXICITY TOXIN Gliotrin A Urinary metabolites UPLC-QTOP-MS Diketopiperazine disulfide