Fermor, B. Christensen, S. E. Youn, I. Cernanec, J. M. Davies, C. M. Weinberg, B. 2024-01-21T01:36:13Z 2024-01-21T01:36:13Z 2021-08-31 2007-01 1473-2262 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/134800 Molecular oxygen is required for the production of nitric oxide ( NO), a pro-inflammatory mediator that is associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. To date there has been little consideration of the role of oxygen tension in the regulation of nitric oxide production associated with arthritis. Oxygen tension may be particularly relevant to articular cartilage since it is avascular and therefore exists at a reduced oxygen tension. The superficial zone exists at approximately 6% O-2, while the deep zone exists at less than 1% O-2. Furthermore, oxygen tension can alter matrix synthesis, and the material properties of articular cartilage in vitro. The increase in nitric oxide associated with arthritis can be caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines and mechanical stress. Oxygen tension significantly alters endogenous NO production in articular cartilage, as well as the stimulation of NO in response to both mechanical loading and proinflammatory cytokines. Mechanical loading and proinflammatory cytokines also increase the production of prostaglandin E2 ( PGE(2)). There is a complex interaction between NO and PGE(2), and oxygen tension can alter this interaction. These findings suggest that the relatively low levels of oxygen within the joint may have significant influences on the metabolic activity, and inflammatory response of cartilage as compared to ambient levels. A better understanding of the role of oxygen in the production of inflammatory mediators in response to mechanical loading, or pro-inflammatory cytokines, may aid in the development of strategies for therapeutic intervention in arthritis. English AO RESEARCH INSTITUTE DAVOS-ARI EXTRACELLULAR-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS PATIENTS NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA MECHANICAL-STRESS ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS EXPERIMENTAL OSTEOARTHRITIS SELECTIVE-INHIBITION SYNTHASE EXPRESSION GENE-EXPRESSION SYNOVIAL FLUIDS Oxygen, nitric oxide and articular cartilage Article 10.22203/eCM.v013a06 1 EUROPEAN CELLS & MATERIALS, v.13, pp.56 - 65 EUROPEAN CELLS & MATERIALS 13 56 65 scie scopus 000247002200011 2-s2.0-34249992608 Cell & Tissue Engineering Engineering, Biomedical Materials Science, Biomaterials Orthopedics Cell Biology Engineering Materials Science Orthopedics Article EXTRACELLULAR-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS PATIENTS NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA MECHANICAL-STRESS ADJUVANT ARTHRITIS EXPERIMENTAL OSTEOARTHRITIS SELECTIVE-INHIBITION SYNTHASE EXPRESSION GENE-EXPRESSION SYNOVIAL FLUIDS oxygen nitric oxide articular cartilage prostaglandins cytokines mechanical loading