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<dublin_core schema="dc">
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Cho,&#x20;J</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Kim,&#x20;HM</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Ryu,&#x20;JH</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Jeong,&#x20;YS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Lee,&#x20;YS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Jin,&#x20;C</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2024-01-21T05:31:33Z</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="available">2024-01-21T05:31:33Z</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="created">2021-09-03</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="issued">2005-03</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="issn">0918-6158</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="uri">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;pubs.kist.re.kr&#x2F;handle&#x2F;201004&#x2F;136702</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="abstract">The&#x20;flower&#x20;buds&#x20;of&#x20;Tussilago&#x20;farfara&#x20;L.&#x20;(Compositae)&#x20;have&#x20;been&#x20;traditionally&#x20;used&#x20;in&#x20;Oriental&#x20;medicine&#x20;for&#x20;the&#x20;treatment&#x20;of&#x20;bronchitis&#x20;and&#x20;asthma.&#x20;The&#x20;extract&#x20;of&#x20;T.&#x20;farfara&#x20;was&#x20;reported&#x20;to&#x20;exhibit&#x20;antiinflammatory&#x20;actions&#x20;by&#x20;inhibiting&#x20;arachidonic&#x20;acid&#x20;metabolism&#x20;and&#x20;nitric&#x20;oxide&#x20;(NO)&#x20;production&#x20;in&#x20;lipopolysaccharide-activated&#x20;macrophages.&#x20;In&#x20;the&#x20;present&#x20;study,&#x20;we&#x20;investigated&#x20;the&#x20;effects&#x20;of&#x20;the&#x20;ethyl&#x20;acetate&#x20;(EA)&#x20;fraction&#x20;on&#x20;various&#x20;types&#x20;of&#x20;neuronal&#x20;cell&#x20;damage&#x20;induced&#x20;in&#x20;primary&#x20;cultured&#x20;rat&#x20;cortical&#x20;cells.&#x20;Its&#x20;antioxidant&#x20;activities&#x20;were&#x20;also&#x20;evaluated&#x20;by&#x20;cell-free&#x20;bioassays.&#x20;We&#x20;found&#x20;that&#x20;the&#x20;EA&#x20;fraction&#x20;potently&#x20;inhibited&#x20;the&#x20;neuronal&#x20;damage&#x20;induced&#x20;by&#x20;arachidonic&#x20;acid.&#x20;We&#x20;also&#x20;found&#x20;that&#x20;it&#x20;significantly&#x20;attenuated&#x20;the&#x20;neuronal&#x20;damage&#x20;induced&#x20;by&#x20;spermine&#x20;NONOate,&#x20;a&#x20;stable&#x20;NO&#x20;generator.&#x20;In&#x20;addition,&#x20;it&#x20;inhibited&#x20;the&#x20;A(beta(25-35))-induced&#x20;neurotoxicity&#x20;and&#x20;glutamate-&#x20;or&#x20;N-methyl-D-aspartic&#x20;acid-induced&#x20;excitotoxicity.&#x20;It&#x20;was&#x20;found&#x20;that&#x20;the&#x20;oxidative&#x20;neuronal&#x20;damage&#x20;induced&#x20;by&#x20;H2O2,&#x20;xanthine&#x2F;xanthine&#x20;oxidase,&#x20;or&#x20;Fe2+&#x2F;ascorbic&#x20;acid&#x20;was&#x20;also&#x20;inhibited&#x20;by&#x20;the&#x20;EA&#x20;fraction.&#x20;Furthermore,&#x20;it&#x20;was&#x20;shown&#x20;to&#x20;inhibit&#x20;lipid&#x20;peroxidation&#x20;initiated&#x20;by&#x20;Fe2+&#x2F;ascorbic&#x20;acid&#x20;in&#x20;rat&#x20;brain&#x20;homogenates,&#x20;and&#x20;scavenge&#x20;DPPH&#x20;radicals.&#x20;This&#x20;is&#x20;the&#x20;first&#x20;demonstration&#x20;of&#x20;neuroprotective&#x20;and&#x20;antioxidant&#x20;effects&#x20;of&#x20;T&#x20;farfara.&#x20;Although&#x20;complex&#x20;mechanisms&#x20;may&#x20;be&#x20;involved&#x20;in&#x20;the&#x20;neuroprotective&#x20;actions,&#x20;T&#x20;farfara&#x20;may&#x20;be&#x20;useful&#x20;for&#x20;the&#x20;management&#x20;of&#x20;neurodegenerative&#x20;disorders&#x20;associated&#x20;with&#x20;inflammation,&#x20;A(beta),&#x20;excitotoxicity,&#x20;and&#x2F;or&#x20;oxidative&#x20;stress.</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="language" qualifier="none">English</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="publisher" qualifier="none">PHARMACEUTICAL&#x20;SOC&#x20;JAPAN</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">RAT&#x20;CORTICAL-NEURONS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">OXIDATIVE&#x20;STRESS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">NITRIC-OXIDE</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">ACORUS-GRAMINEUS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">AMYLOID-BETA</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">CELL</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">SESQUITERPENOIDS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">MACROPHAGES</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="none">INHIBITION</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="title" qualifier="none">Neuroprotective&#x20;and&#x20;antioxidant&#x20;effects&#x20;of&#x20;the&#x20;ethyl&#x20;acetate&#x20;fraction&#x20;prepared&#x20;from&#x20;Tussilago&#x20;farfara&#x20;L.</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="type" qualifier="none">Article</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="doi">10.1248&#x2F;bpb.28.455</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalClass">1</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="bibliographicCitation">BIOLOGICAL&#x20;&amp;&#x20;PHARMACEUTICAL&#x20;BULLETIN,&#x20;v.28,&#x20;no.3,&#x20;pp.455&#x20;-&#x20;460</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="title">BIOLOGICAL&#x20;&amp;&#x20;PHARMACEUTICAL&#x20;BULLETIN</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="volume">28</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="number">3</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="startPage">455</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="endPage">460</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">scie</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">scopus</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="wosid">000227705300010</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="scopusid">2-s2.0-21144453571</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalWebOfScienceCategory">Pharmacology&#x20;&amp;&#x20;Pharmacy</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalResearchArea">Pharmacology&#x20;&amp;&#x20;Pharmacy</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="type" qualifier="docType">Article</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">RAT&#x20;CORTICAL-NEURONS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">OXIDATIVE&#x20;STRESS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">NITRIC-OXIDE</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">ACORUS-GRAMINEUS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">AMYLOID-BETA</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">CELL</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">SESQUITERPENOIDS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">MACROPHAGES</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">INHIBITION</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">Tussilago&#x20;farfara</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">neuroprotection</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">antioxidant</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">cortical&#x20;neurons</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">excitotoxicity</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">amyloid&#x20;beta(A(beta))</dcvalue>
</dublin_core>
