Song, JH Kwon, SN Choi, DK Choi, WK 2024-01-21T12:01:07Z 2024-01-21T12:01:07Z 2021-09-05 2001-09 0168-583X https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/140222 A 150 kV gas cluster ion accelerator was constructed. Using a retarding field analyzer and time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry, the gas cluster source was characterized. To form cluster beams, the CO2 gas was expanded through a quartz Laval nozzle at a pressure of 1-5 bar. It is confirmed that clusters formed with a mean size of more than 500 molecules. The effect of source temperature on cluster size was also examined. When CO2 cluster ions were irradiated onto a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at the acceleration voltage of 40 kV, isolated impact of the cluster ions was found to generate hillocks about 0.8 nm in height and 20 nm in diameter. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. English ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV ION-BEAMS EROSION RACE TEMPERATURE SIZE Assessment of an ionized CO2 gas cluster accelerator Article 10.1016/S0168-583X(01)00686-3 1 NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS, v.179, no.4, pp.568 - 574 NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS 179 4 568 574 scie scopus 000171110400016 2-s2.0-0035447752 Instruments & Instrumentation Nuclear Science & Technology Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical Physics, Nuclear Instruments & Instrumentation Nuclear Science & Technology Physics Article ION-BEAMS EROSION RACE TEMPERATURE SIZE gas cluster ion beam retarding field analyzer time-of-flight mass spectrometry hillocks