Mwangi, John K. Degrendele, Celine Bandowe, Benjamin A. M. Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla Halse, Anne K. Smejkalova, Adela Holubova Kim, Jun-Tae Kukucka, Petr Martinik, Jakub Nezikova, Barbora Palatova Pribylova, Petra Prokes, Roman Sanka, Milan Tannous, Mariam Vinkler, Jakub Lammel, Gerhard 2024-04-11T04:30:26Z 2024-04-11T04:30:26Z 2024-04-11 2024-04 0048-9697 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/149632 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their oxygenated and nitrated derivatives, OPAHs and NPAHs, are semivolatile air pollutants which are distributed and cycling regionally. Subsequent to atmospheric deposition to and accumulation in soils they may re -volatilise, a secondary source which is understudied. We studied the direction of air -soil mass exchange fluxes of 12 OPAHs, 17 NPAHs, 25 PAHs and one alkylated PAH in two rural environments being influenced by the pollutant concentrations in soil and air, by season, and by land cover. The OPAHs and NPAHs in samples of topsoil, of ambient air particulate and gas phases and in the gas phase equilibrated with soil were analysed by GC-APCI-MS/MS. The pollutants soil burdens show a pronounced seasonality, a winter maximum for NPAHs and PAHs and a summer maximum for OPAHs. One order of magnitude more OPAH and parent PAH are found stored in forest soil than in nearby grassland soil. Among a number of 3-4 ring PAHs, the OPAHs benzanthrone and 6H-benzo(c,d)pyren-6-one, and the NPAHs 1- and 2nitronaphthalene, 9-nitrophenanthrene and 7-nitrobenz(a)anthracene are found to re -volatilise from soils at a rural background site in central Europe in summer. At a receptor site in northern Europe, net deposition of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) prevails and re -volatilisation occurs only sporadic. Re -volatilisation of a number of PACs, including strong mutagens, from soils in summer and even in winter indicates that long-range atmospheric transport of primary PAC emissions from central Europe to receptor areas might be enhanced by secondary emissions from soils. English Elsevier BV Air-soil cycling of oxygenated, nitrated and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in source and receptor areas Article 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170495 1 Science of the Total Environment, v.921 Science of the Total Environment 921 N scie scopus 001196250300001 2-s2.0-85185848139 Environmental Sciences Environmental Sciences & Ecology Article SEMIVOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS DISPERSION MODEL FLEXPART ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES PARTICULATE MATTER BACKGROUND SOILS ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION CONTAINING DERIVATIVES CARBONACEOUS AEROSOL RURAL-AREAS AMBIENT AIR Polycyclic aromatic compounds Soil fugacity Aerosol Long-range atmospheric transport Grasshopper effect