Hwang, Seongkwon Jang, Doojoon Kim, Heesuk Kwak, Jeonghun Chung, Seungjun 2024-05-31T01:00:19Z 2024-05-31T01:00:19Z 2024-05-30 2024-05 1944-8244 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/149984 We propose a novel design of thermoelectric (TE) effect-based soft temperature sensors for directly monitoring localized subtle temperature stimuli. This design integrates rheology-engineered three-dimensional (3D) printing of high-performance carbon-based TE materials and polymer-based viscoelastic materials with low thermal conductivity. Rheological engineering of carbon nanotube (CNT) TE inks ensures the 3D printing of highly sensitive TE sensing units on directly written 3D soft platforms. Additionally, we pre-dope CNT inks with p- and n-type organic dopants to achieve high sensitivity and a fast response to temperature changes. The introduced 3D soft platforms with low thermal conductivity lead to an efficient thermal gradient on TE sensing units in the out-of-plane direction. Furthermore, encapsulating the temperature sensor array with the same polymer-based materials as the 3D soft platforms facilitates independent detection of localized temperature stimuli by minimizing thermal interaction between sensing units, resulting in precise temperature mapping by localized detection. Our 3D-printed soft temperature sensors exhibit high sensitivity to relatively small temperature changes, with a minimum sensing resolution of 0.1 K within tens of milliseconds. Moreover, the temperature sensor array not only detects localized temperature stimuli by imaging the temperature distribution but also demonstrates remarkable mechanical reliability against repetitive deformation with high accuracy. English American Chemical Society 3D-Printed Soft Temperature Sensors Based on Thermoelectric Effects for Fast Mapping of Localized Temperature Distributions Article 10.1021/acsami.4c04021 1 ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, v.16, no.19, pp.25071 - 25079 ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 16 19 25071 25079 N scie scopus 001227641000001 2-s2.0-85192240979 Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Materials Science, Multidisciplinary Science & Technology - Other Topics Materials Science Article POWER soft temperature sensors 3D printing thermoelectrics carbon nanotubes localized temperature sensing