Min, Huitae Cho, Hye-Sim Lee Hoe-Suk Park, Young Tae Lee Hu-Jang Park Hyun-Sil 2024-11-15T16:30:15Z 2024-11-15T16:30:15Z 2024-11-13 2024-11 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/151086 Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) poses a significant challenge in the global swine industry, leading to substantial economic losses and reproductive and respiratory complications. The causative agent, PRRS virus (PRRSV), with its high mutation rate, complicates the development of universally effective vaccines. Furthermore, current PRRS vaccines are limited by high costs and complex administration methods. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to develop an innovative Bacillus subtilis spore-based oral vaccine targeting PRRS. Their oral administration was evaluated in mice and pigs, and blood, saliva, feces, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected for further analyses. Our vaccine induced IgG and IgA immune responses in both models, with swine demonstrating considerable increase in specific antibody and cytokine levels. These results indicate a high potential for more effective and economically viable control of PRRS in commercial pig farming. The ease of administration and cost-effectiveness of the vaccine also offer a feasible option for widespread application. Our results suggest a new direction in veterinary vaccine development, underscoring the potential of B. subtilis spores in creating effective vaccines for large-scale, real-world applications in animal health management. English Nature Publishing Group Oral Bacillus subtilis spores-based vaccine for mass vaccination against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome Article 10.1038/s41598-024-79387-y 1 Scientific Reports, v.14, no.1 Scientific Reports 14 1 Y scie scopus 001354057500014 Multidisciplinary Sciences Science & Technology - Other Topics Article LIVE VIRUS-VACCINE DISPLAY INFECTION EFFICACY Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome <italic>Bacillus subtilis</italic> Spore Vaccine Swine Mass vaccination