Choi, Wonseok Kim, Hyeongmin Park, Hyewon Yune, Tae Young Youn, Inchan Han, Sungmin 2025-04-28T08:00:08Z 2025-04-28T08:00:08Z 2025-04-28 2025-05 0925-4005 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/152361 This article presents a method for fabricating an individual dimension-controllable cellular block, such as a spheroid and organoid, using exogenous and focused acoustic vortices. The interaction of phased-delayed ultrasonic signals generates acoustic waves characterized by helical wavefronts, thereby having the potential to transfer orbital angular momentum (OAM) into a suspension. A follow-up generated null region at the beam center provides trapping force to trap the free cells literally. This research contains comprehensive investigations of pulsing conditions and media compositions expected to affect the dimension quality of a single block. Comparative and systemic analyses of the pulsing parameters, such as pressure, duty cycles, and driving frequency, are first performed to identify the optimized conditions for fabricating a block. A collagen-supplemented media provides more stable tethering conditions for fabricated blocks by vortices in comparison to a normal medium. As fully demonstrated in the Results section, the quality of the dimension-controllable block is affected by total sonication time, as well as trapping force inherently restricted by the size of the null region. By understanding the comprehensive effects of both pulsing and cellular conditions on the fabrication procedure, this study aims to propose that OAM-based exogenous vortices are promising for various biological modeling research, with high tunability in their dimensions. English Elsevier BV A platform of exogenous acoustic vortices for fabricating dimension-controllable cellular blocks Article 10.1016/j.snb.2025.137376 1 Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical, v.431 Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical 431 N scie scopus 001490068700001 Chemistry, Analytical Electrochemistry Instruments & Instrumentation Chemistry Electrochemistry Instruments & Instrumentation Article TWEEZERS CELLS CULTURE Spheroids Organoids Acoustic vortices Building blocks