Jo, Yongjae Park, Hyemi Lee, Seho Yoon, Hyeyoung Lee, Taehoon Bak, Gyu Soo Park, Jong-Chan Kim, Inki 2025-06-09T06:30:27Z 2025-06-09T06:30:27Z 2025-06-09 2025-01 1605-7422 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/152596 Image scanning microscopy (ISM) enhances optical resolution by applying pixel reassignment. A large number of evenly generated focal points is essential for this method, as it involves scanning a multifocal array. Historically, multifocal arrays have been produced using electronically controlled optical modulators such as digital micromirror devices (DMDs) or microlens arrays. However, electronic modulators can be cost-inefficient and require intricate alignment, while microlens arrays often demand a lengthy optical path for demagnification and have limited numerical aperture, resulting in bulky systems that are challenging to align and maintain. In this work, we introduce a novel multifocal metalens design capable of providing a dense and uniform distribution of focal points to enable ISM. Metalenses, constructed from regularly arranged nanostructures, offer ultrathin profiles and versatile optical modulation functions. As a proof of concept, we developed an ISM system using our multifocal metalens and successfully captured super-resolution images of neurons in brain organoids. We anticipate that our method will guide the creation of advanced, streamlined optical microscopes based on metalens technology. English SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING Metasurface-based super-resolution image scanning microscopy Conference 10.1117/12.3040456 1 2025 Conference on Quantum Effects and Measurement Techniques in Biology and Biophotonics, v.13340 2025 Conference on Quantum Effects and Measurement Techniques in Biology and Biophotonics 13340 US San Francisco, CA 2025-01-25 QUANTUM EFFECTS AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES IN BIOLOGY AND BIOPHOTONICS II 001481317900010 2-s2.0-105004182036