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<dublin_core schema="dc">
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Sang&#x20;Won&#x20;Jo</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Bo-yong&#x20;Park</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Roh-Eul&#x20;Yoo</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Seung&#x20;Hong&#x20;Choi</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Sooyeon&#x20;Ji</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Park,&#x20;Tae&#x20;Young</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Kim,&#x20;Hyungmin</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Seongbeom&#x20;Park</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Min&#x20;Seung&#x20;Kim</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Suk&#x20;Yun&#x20;Kang</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Soo-Jin&#x20;Cho</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Won-Jin&#x20;Moon</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">SangYun&#x20;Kim</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Jaeho&#x20;Kim</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2026-02-19T08:00:04Z</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="available">2026-02-19T08:00:04Z</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="created">2026-02-19</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="issued">2026-02</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="issn">0001-6314</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="uri">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;pubs.kist.re.kr&#x2F;handle&#x2F;201004&#x2F;154340</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="abstract">Objective&#x0A;Alzheimer′s&#x20;disease&#x20;(AD)&#x20;involves&#x20;impaired&#x20;clearance&#x20;of&#x20;metabolic&#x20;waste,&#x20;including&#x20;amyloid-β,&#x20;potentially&#x20;related&#x20;to&#x20;glymphatic&#x20;dysfunction.&#x20;Low-intensity&#x20;ultrasound&#x20;(LIUS)&#x20;may&#x20;facilitate&#x20;solute&#x20;clearance&#x20;in&#x20;the&#x20;brain.&#x20;This&#x20;pilot&#x20;study&#x20;examined&#x20;whether&#x20;LIUS&#x20;affects&#x20;amyloid-β&#x20;deposition&#x20;and&#x20;cognitive&#x20;performance&#x20;in&#x20;early-stage&#x20;AD,&#x20;and&#x20;whether&#x20;MRI-derived&#x20;changes&#x20;in&#x20;putative&#x20;glymphatic&#x20;activity&#x20;could&#x20;represent&#x20;a&#x20;possible&#x20;underlying&#x20;mechanism.&#x0A;&#x0A;Methods&#x0A;This&#x20;prospective&#x20;pilot&#x20;study&#x20;(September&#x20;2022–February&#x20;2023)&#x20;enrolled&#x20;10&#x20;amyloid-positive&#x20;participants&#x20;who&#x20;underwent&#x20;4&#x20;weeks&#x20;of&#x20;LIUS&#x20;treatment,&#x20;including&#x20;five&#x20;apolipoprotein&#x20;E4&#x20;(APOE4)&#x20;carriers&#x20;and&#x20;five&#x20;noncarriers.&#x20;LIUS&#x20;treatment&#x20;involved&#x20;sessions&#x20;over&#x20;4&#x20;weeks.&#x20;Magnetic&#x20;resonance&#x20;imaging&#x20;(MRI)&#x20;and&#x20;amyloid&#x20;PET&#x20;scans&#x20;were&#x20;used&#x20;to&#x20;quantitatively&#x20;analyze&#x20;glymphatic&#x20;activity,&#x20;blood–brain&#x20;barrier&#x20;(BBB)&#x20;integrity,&#x20;microbleed&#x20;occurrence,&#x20;and&#x20;amyloid&#x20;deposition&#x20;changes.&#x20;Cognitive&#x20;changes&#x20;were&#x20;assessed&#x20;using&#x20;neuropsychological&#x20;tests.&#x0A;&#x0A;Results&#x0A;All&#x20;participants&#x20;completed&#x20;treatment&#x20;without&#x20;any&#x20;significant&#x20;adverse&#x20;events.&#x20;Neuropsychological&#x20;testing&#x20;demonstrated&#x20;cognitive&#x20;function&#x20;improvements.&#x20;Amyloid-β&#x20;deposition&#x20;decreased&#x20;mainly&#x20;in&#x20;APOE4&#x20;carriers&#x20;following&#x20;LIUS.&#x20;In&#x20;addition,&#x20;post-LIUS,&#x20;the&#x20;cerebral&#x20;cortex&#x20;showed&#x20;increased&#x20;putative&#x20;glymphatic&#x20;activity,&#x20;although&#x20;statistical&#x20;significance&#x20;was&#x20;not&#x20;maintained&#x20;after&#x20;multiple-comparison&#x20;correction.&#x20;No&#x20;significant&#x20;changes&#x20;were&#x20;observed&#x20;in&#x20;BBB&#x20;integrity,&#x20;microbleed&#x20;occurrence,&#x20;or&#x20;brain&#x20;volume.&#x0A;&#x0A;Conclusion&#x0A;LIUS&#x20;was&#x20;safe&#x20;and&#x20;demonstrated&#x20;both&#x20;cognitive&#x20;improvement&#x20;and&#x20;reduced&#x20;amyloid&#x20;deposition&#x20;in&#x20;early-stage&#x20;AD.&#x20;These&#x20;effects&#x20;may&#x20;reflect&#x20;several&#x20;biological&#x20;actions&#x20;of&#x20;LIUS,&#x20;including&#x20;the&#x20;possibility&#x20;of&#x20;glymphatic&#x20;enhancement.&#x20;Further&#x20;studies&#x20;with&#x20;larger&#x20;cohorts&#x20;and&#x20;appropriate&#x20;control&#x20;groups&#x20;are&#x20;warranted&#x20;to&#x20;confirm&#x20;these&#x20;findings&#x20;and&#x20;draw&#x20;more&#x20;definitive&#x20;conclusions.</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="language" qualifier="none">English</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="publisher" qualifier="none">Blackwell&#x20;Publishing&#x20;Inc.</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="title" qualifier="none">Effects&#x20;of&#x20;Low-Intensity&#x20;Ultrasound&#x20;on&#x20;Amyloid-β&#x20;Clearance&#x20;in&#x20;Early-Stage&#x20;Alzheimer′s&#x20;Disease:&#x20;A&#x20;Potential&#x20;Role&#x20;of&#x20;Glymphatic&#x20;Activity</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="type" qualifier="none">Article</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="doi">10.1155&#x2F;ane&#x2F;1538313</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalClass">1</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="bibliographicCitation">Acta&#x20;Neurologica&#x20;Scandinavica,&#x20;v.2026,&#x20;no.1</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="title">Acta&#x20;Neurologica&#x20;Scandinavica</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="volume">2026</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="number">1</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="isOpenAccess">N</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">scie</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">scopus</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="wosid">001692781600001</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalWebOfScienceCategory">Clinical&#x20;Neurology</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalResearchArea">Neurosciences&#x20;&amp;&#x20;Neurology</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="type" qualifier="docType">Article</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">BRAIN-BARRIER&#x20;DISRUPTION</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">FOCUSED&#x20;ULTRASOUND</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">SUSCEPTIBILITY</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">DEPOSITION</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">REDUCTION</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">DELIVERY</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">ANTIBODY</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">Alzheimer&#x20;&amp;apos</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">s&#x20;disease</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">cognitive&#x20;function</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">glymphatic&#x20;clearance</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">low-intensity&#x20;ultrasound</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">neuromodulation</dcvalue>
</dublin_core>
