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<dublin_core schema="dc">
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Lee,&#x20;Seulgi</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Yun,&#x20;Jaeung</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Seo,&#x20;Joonseok</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Kim,&#x20;Suncheun</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Lee,&#x20;Jeongmin</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Jeong,&#x20;Yohan</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Kim,&#x20;Dami</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Kim,&#x20;Juhyung</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Lee,&#x20;Sangki</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Kim,&#x20;Hyungchul</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Chung,&#x20;Seok</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="contributor" qualifier="author">Chung,&#x20;Heesun</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="accessioned">2026-03-25T06:00:21Z</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="available">2026-03-25T06:00:21Z</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="created">2026-03-24</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="date" qualifier="issued">2026-04</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="issn">1976-0280</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="uri">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;pubs.kist.re.kr&#x2F;handle&#x2F;201004&#x2F;154464</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="abstract">The&#x20;abuse&#x20;of&#x20;psychoactive&#x20;drugs&#x20;such&#x20;as&#x20;ketamine&#x20;and&#x20;3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine&#x20;(MDMA)&#x20;is&#x20;increasing&#x20;worldwide,&#x20;and&#x20;polysubstance&#x20;abuse&#x20;involving&#x20;their&#x20;concurrent&#x20;use&#x20;has&#x20;become&#x20;increasingly&#x20;prevalent.&#x20;Reliable&#x20;on-site&#x20;testing&#x20;for&#x20;both&#x20;substances&#x20;is&#x20;therefore&#x20;essential.&#x20;However,&#x20;conventional&#x20;immunoassay&#x20;platforms,&#x20;including&#x20;widely&#x20;used&#x20;commercial&#x20;kits,&#x20;remain&#x20;limited&#x20;in&#x20;sensitivity&#x20;and&#x20;specificity&#x20;for&#x20;ketamine&#x20;and&#x20;MDMA&#x20;compared&#x20;with&#x20;other&#x20;drug&#x20;metabolites,&#x20;often&#x20;leading&#x20;to&#x20;false&#x20;negatives&#x20;or&#x20;cross-reactivity&#x20;issues.&#x20;To&#x20;address&#x20;these&#x20;shortcomings,&#x20;we&#x20;introduce&#x20;a&#x20;microfluidic&#x20;immunoassay-based&#x20;on-site&#x20;test&#x20;device&#x20;and&#x20;validate&#x20;its&#x20;performance&#x20;using&#x20;certified&#x20;reference&#x20;materials&#x20;and&#x20;authentic&#x20;urine&#x20;samples.&#x20;Authentic&#x20;urine&#x20;samples&#x20;(N = 143),&#x20;including&#x20;drug-free&#x20;controls&#x20;(N = 45),&#x20;ketamine-positive&#x20;cases&#x20;(N = 68),&#x20;and&#x20;MDMA-positive&#x20;cases&#x20;(N = 30),&#x20;were&#x20;evaluated.&#x20;Verification&#x20;results&#x20;showed&#x20;strong&#x20;correlations&#x20;(R2 = 0.87&#x20;and&#x20;R2 = 0.90)&#x20;between&#x20;gas&#x20;chromatography-mass&#x20;spectrometry&#x20;(GC-MS)&#x20;data&#x20;and&#x20;the&#x20;outputs&#x20;of&#x20;the&#x20;developed&#x20;device.&#x20;Simultaneous&#x20;detection&#x20;revealed&#x20;co-occurrence&#x20;of&#x20;ketamine&#x20;and&#x20;MDMA&#x20;in&#x20;19.1%&#x20;of&#x20;ketamine-positive&#x20;cases&#x20;and&#x20;51.6%&#x20;of&#x20;MDMA-positive&#x20;cases.&#x20;These&#x20;results&#x20;demonstrate&#x20;the&#x20;practicality&#x20;and&#x20;necessity&#x20;of&#x20;simultaneous&#x20;analyses,&#x20;highlighting&#x20;the&#x20;accuracy,&#x20;portability,&#x20;and&#x20;rapidity&#x20;of&#x20;the&#x20;proposed&#x20;device&#x20;for&#x20;on-site&#x20;forensic&#x20;drug&#x20;monitoring.</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="language" qualifier="none">English</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="publisher" qualifier="none">한국바이오칩학회</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="title" qualifier="none">Microfluidic&#x20;Platform&#x20;for&#x20;On-site&#x20;Simultaneous&#x20;Analysis&#x20;of&#x20;Ketamine&#x20;and&#x20;MDMA&#x20;in&#x20;Urine</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="type" qualifier="none">Article</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="doi">10.1007&#x2F;s13206-026-00258-x</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalClass">1</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="bibliographicCitation">BioChip&#x20;Journal,&#x20;v.20,&#x20;pp.356&#x20;-&#x20;366</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="title">BioChip&#x20;Journal</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="volume">20</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="startPage">356</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="citation" qualifier="endPage">366</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="isOpenAccess">N</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">scie</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">scopus</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="description" qualifier="journalRegisteredClass">kci</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="identifier" qualifier="scopusid">2-s2.0-105030343779</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalWebOfScienceCategory">Biochemical&#x20;Research&#x20;Methods</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalWebOfScienceCategory">Chemistry,&#x20;Analytical</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalWebOfScienceCategory">Nanoscience&#x20;&amp;&#x20;Nanotechnology</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalResearchArea">Biochemistry&#x20;&amp;&#x20;Molecular&#x20;Biology</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalResearchArea">Chemistry</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="relation" qualifier="journalResearchArea">Science&#x20;&amp;&#x20;Technology&#x20;-&#x20;Other&#x20;Topics</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="type" qualifier="docType">Article;&#x20;Early&#x20;Access</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">PHARMACOLOGY</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">TOXICOLOGY</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">ANALOGS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordPlus">ADULTS</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">Ketamine</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">On-site&#x20;test</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">MDMA</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">Forensic</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">Semi-quantification</dcvalue>
<dcvalue element="subject" qualifier="keywordAuthor">Microfluidic</dcvalue>
</dublin_core>
