Choi, Kihwan Kim, Seung Hyoung Kim, Sungwon 2024-01-12T06:33:50Z 2024-01-12T06:33:50Z 2023-07-04 2023-10 0094-2405 https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/79817 Background Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promising results in image denoising tasks. While most existing CNN-based methods depend on supervised learning by directly mapping noisy inputs to clean targets, high-quality references are often unavailable for interventional radiology such as cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Purpose In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning method that reduces noise in projections acquired by ordinary CBCT scans. Methods With a network that partially blinds input, we are able to train the denoising model by mapping the partially blinded projections to the original projections. Additionally, we incorporate noise-to-noise learning into the self-supervised learning by mapping the adjacent projections to the original projections. With standard image reconstruction methods such as FDK-type algorithms, we can reconstruct high-quality CBCT images from the projections denoised by our projection-domain denoising method. Results In the head phantom study, we measure peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) values of the proposed method along with the other denoising methods and uncorrected low-dose CBCT data for a quantitative comparison both in projection and image domains. The PSNR and SSIM values of our self-supervised denoising approach are 27.08 and 0.839, whereas those of uncorrected CBCT images are 15.68 and 0.103, respectively. In the retrospective study, we assess the quality of interventional patient CBCT images to evaluate the projection-domain and image-domain denoising methods. Both qualitative and quantitative results indicate that our approach can effectively produce high-quality CBCT images with low-dose projections in the absence of duplicate clean or noisy references. Conclusions Our self-supervised learning strategy is capable of restoring anatomical information while efficiently removing noise in CBCT projection data. English American Association of Physicists in Medicine Self­-supervised denoising of projection data for low-­dose cone-­beam CT Article 10.1002/mp.16421 1 Medical Physics, v.50, no.10, pp.6319 - 6333 Medical Physics 50 10 6319 6333 Y scie scopus 000972791000001 Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging Article COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION NOISE-REDUCTION QUALITY NETWORK REPAIR cone-beam CT dose reduction model fusion projection-domain denoising self-supervised learning