https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/123456789/75378 Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:36:04 GMT 2026-04-16T00:36:04Z https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/153515 Title: Accelerating materials language processing with large language models Authors: Choi, Jaewoong; Lee, Byungju Abstract: Materials language processing (MLP) can facilitate materials science research by automating the extraction of structured data from research papers. Despite the existence of deep learning models for MLP tasks, there are ongoing practical issues associated with complex model architectures, extensive fine-tuning, and substantial human-labelled datasets. Here, we introduce the use of large language models, such as generative pretrained transformer (GPT), to replace the complex architectures of prior MLP models with strategic designs of prompt engineering. We find that in-context learning of GPT models with few or zero-shots can provide high performance text classification, named entity recognition and extractive question answering with limited datasets, demonstrated for various classes of materials. These generative models can also help identify incorrect annotated data. Our GPT-based approach can assist material scientists in solving knowledge-intensive MLP tasks, even if they lack relevant expertise, by offering MLP guidelines applicable to any materials science domain. In addition, the outcomes of GPT models are expected to reduce the workload of researchers, such as manual labelling, by producing an initial labelling set and verifying human-annotations. Thu, 01 Feb 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/153515 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/153514 Title: Turning Waste into Valuable Products: Sunlight-Driven Hydrogen from Polystyrene via Porous Tungsten Oxide Photoanodes Authors: Kumar, Dhandole Love; Kim, Jun-Tae; Kim, Hyoung-il; Kim, Sang Hoon; Kim, Ji-Young; Lim, Jonghun; Moon, Gun hee Abstract: The photochemical conversion of plastic waste into valuable resources under ambient conditions is challenging. Achieving efficient photocatalytic conversion necessitates intimate contact between the photocatalyst and plastic substrate, as water molecules are readily oxidized by photogenerated holes, potentially bypassing the plastic as the electron donor. This study demonstrated a novel strategy for depositing polystyrene (PS) waste onto a photoanode by leveraging its solubility in specific organic solvents, including acetone and chloroform, thus enhancing the interface contact. We used an anodization technique to fabricate a skeleton-like porous tungsten oxide (WO3) structure, which exhibited higher durability against detachment from a conductive substrate than the WO3 photoanode fabricated using the doctor blade method. Upon illumination, the photogenerated holes were transferred from WO3 to PS, promoting the oxidative degradation of plastic waste under ambient conditions. Consequently, the oxidative degradation of PS on the anode side generated carbon dioxide, while the cathodic process produced hydrogen gas through water reduction. Our findings pave the way for sunlight-driven plastic waste treatment technologies that concurrently generate valuable fuels or chemicals and offer the dual benefits of cost savings and environmental protection. Sat, 01 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/153514 2025-11-01T00:00:00Z https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/152295 Title: Control of sensitivity in metal oxide electrolyte gated field-effect transistor-based glucose sensor by electronegativity modulation Authors: Song, Aeran; Kim, Min Jung; Yi, Dong-Joon; Kwon, Soyeong; Kim, Dong-Wook; Kim, Seunghwan; Bae, Jee-Hwan; Park, Soohyung; Rim, You Seung; Jeong, Kwang-Sik; Chung, Kwun-Bum Abstract: In this study, the sensitivity of electrolyte-gated field-effect transistor-based glucose sensors using oxide semiconductor materials was controlled via electronegativity modulation. By controlling the enzymatic reaction between glucose and glucose oxidase, which is affected by the surface potential, the sensitivity of the glucose sensor can be effectively adjusted. To evaluate the sensitivity characteristics of the glucose sensor according to electronegativity control, devices were fabricated based on InO through Ga and Zn doping. The results confirmed that the specific sensitivity range could be adjusted by increasing the electronegativity. In addition, density functional theory calculations, confirmed that the attachment energy of the surface-functionalized material and the enzyme binding energy in the surface-functionalized thin film can be modulated depending on the electronegativity difference. The dissociation constant was controlled in both directions by doping with metal cations with larger(Ga, 1.81) or smaller(Zn, 1.65) electronegativities in InO(In, 1.78). We expect that this study will provide a simple method for the gradual and bidirectional control of the glucose sensitivity region. Fri, 01 Nov 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/152295 2024-11-01T00:00:00Z https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/152265 Title: 근감소증 개선 천연물 사례 연구 및 건강기능성 식품소재 개발 전략 Authors: 김명석 Abstract: Sarcopenia, characterized by age-related loss of muscle mass and function, significantly diminishes quality of life. While the exact pathogenesis remains elusive, a combination of aging, malnutrition, and physical inactivity is implicated. This review systematically evaluated the potential of natural products to prevent and treat sarcopenia. The results revealed that various natural compounds, including curcumin, resveratrol, and catechin, have demonstrated promising effects on mitigating sarcopenia by increasing muscle mass, grip strength, and mitochondrial function. Preclinical studies have elucidated the underlying mechanisms, such as stimulating muscle protein synthesis and inhibiting protein degradation. Clinical trials have also shown some natural compounds can slow down the rate of muscle loss and improve physical function, although long-term efficacy and safety require further investigation. In conclusion, natural products represent a promising therapeutic strategy for sarcopenia prevention and treatment. Systematic studies on the efficacy and safety of individual compounds are needed to develop personalized treatment approaches. Sun, 01 Dec 2024 00:00:00 GMT https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/152265 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z