A novel protocol for batch-separating gintonin-enriched, polysaccharide-enriched, and crude ginsenoside-containing fractions from Panax ginseng

Authors
Lee, RamiCho, Han -SungKim, Ji -HunCho, Hee -JungChoi, Sun-HyeHwang, Sung -HeeRhim, HyewonCho, Ik-HyunRhee, Man -HeeKim, Do-GeunKim, Hyoung-ChunNah, Seung-Yeol
Issue Date
2023-05
Publisher
고려인삼학회
Citation
Journal of Ginseng Research, v.47, no.3, pp.366 - 375
Abstract
Background: Ginseng contains three active components: ginsenosides, gintonin, and polysaccharides. After the separation of 1 of the 3 ingredient fractions, other fractions are usually discarded as waste. In this study, we developed a simple and effective method, called the ginpolin protocol, to separate gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF), ginseng polysaccharide fraction (GPF), and crude ginseng saponin fraction (cGSF).Methods: Dried ginseng (1 kg) was extracted using 70% ethanol (EtOH). The extract was water frac-tionated to obtain a water-insoluble precipitate (GEF). The upper layer after GEF separation was precipitated with 80% EtOH for GPF preparation, and the remaining upper layer was vacuum dried to obtain cGSF.Results: The yields of GEF, GPF, and cGSF were 14.8, 54.2, and 185.3 g, respectively, from 333 g EtOH extract. We quantified the active ingredients of 3 fractions: L-arginine, galacturonic acid, ginsenosides, glucuronic acid, lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), phosphatidic acid (PA), and polyphenols. The order of the LPA, PA, and polyphenol content was GEF > cGSF > GPF. The order of L-arginine and galacturonic acid was GPF >> GEF = cGSF. Interestingly, GEF contained a high amount of ginsenoside Rb1, whereas cGSF contained more ginsenoside Rg1. GEF and cGSF, but not GPF, induced intracellular [Ca2 thorn ]i transient with antiplatelet activity. The order of antioxidant activity was GPF > GEF = cGSF. Immunological activities (related to nitric oxide production, phagocytosis, and IL-6 and TNF-a release) were, in order, GPF > GEF = cGSF. The neuroprotective ability (against reactive oxygen species) order was GEF > cGSP > GPF.Conclusion: We developed a novel ginpolin protocol to isolate 3 fractions in batches and determined that each fraction has distinct biological effects.(c) 2022 The Korean Society of Ginseng. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keywords
COLORIMETRIC METHOD; ACTIVATION; SAPONINS; PATHWAY; GROWTH; Ginseng; Ginsenoside; Gintonin; Ginseng polysaccharide; Batch separation
ISSN
1226-8453
URI
https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/113740
DOI
10.1016/j.jgr.2022.10.001
Appears in Collections:
KIST Article > 2023
Files in This Item:
There are no files associated with this item.
Export
RIS (EndNote)
XLS (Excel)
XML

qrcode

Items in DSpace are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.

BROWSE