A 4 V Li-Ion Battery using All-Spinel-Based Electrodes

Abstract

Boosting the performance of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) beyond the state-of-the-art is mandatory toward meeting the future energy requirements of the consumer mass market. The replacement of conventional graphite anodes with conversion-type metal-oxide anodes is one progressive approach toward achieving this goal. Here, a LIB consisting of a highcapacity spinel NiMn2O4 anode and a high-voltage spinel Li-Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 cathode was proposed. Polyhedral-shaped NiMn2O4 powder was prepared from a citrate precursor via the sol-gel method. Electrochemical tests showed that the NiMn2O4 in a half-cell configuration could deliver reversible capacities of 750 and 303 mAhg@1 at 0.1 and 3C rates. Integrating the NiMn2O4 anode into a full-cell configuration provided an estimated energy density of 506 Whkg@1 (vs. cathode mass) upon 100 cycles and excellent cycling performance over 150 cycles at the 0.1C rate, which can be considered promising in terms of satisfying the demands for high energy densities in large-scale applications.