Applications of nanostructured semiconductor photocatalysts for the decontamination of assorted pollutants from wastewater

Abstract

The proliferation of industrial units across the world for a diverse range of applications has culminated in the production of a massive number of contaminants that have a negative impact on both the health of humans and the environment. In this regard, the use of semiconductors in photocatalytic procedures is considered an emerging and promising approach for both the removal and mineralization of a wide range of pollutants. This review deliberates on assorted semiconductor catalysts, their preparative methods, and the underlying mechanisms involved; suggestions are advanced for improving the efficiency of semiconductors when used in the photocatalytic processes. In the following section, a variety of pollutants, comprising organic compounds, heavy metals, pharmaceutical contaminants, pesticides, and microorganisms, are discussed, wherein the recent applications of semiconductors in photocatalytic remediation are highlighted in tabular forms.