The osteogenic property of Ixeridium dentatum (Thunb.) Tzvelev ethanol extract suppresses postmenopausal osteoporosis via activation of of BMP, TGFbeta and Wnt pathways

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder with 40% increased fracture risk due to several causes including aging and hormone decrease. As the existing therapies for osteoporosis are accompanied by severe side effects, researches for safe agents among natural products are gaining attention. The effect of Ixeridium dentatum (Thunb.) Tzvelev ethanol extract (IDEE) was investigated on bone metabolism. In vitro study included the verification of IDEE effect on mineralization and osteoblast differentiation by Alizarin Red staining, ALP activity assay, qPCR and Western blot. Estrogenic properties of IDEE were estimated by ERE-Luc activity and the inhibitor application of estrogen signaling. In vivo study was conducted on ovariectomized mice model to analyze IDEE effect on bone and serum parameters under post-menopausal osteoporosis. At concentrations 25, 50, 100 µg/ml IDEE induced osteoblast differentiation and mineralization by the activation of BMP, TGFβ and Wnt signaling and this effect was partly mediated by estrogen signaling. The oral administration of IDEE at 40 and 100 mg/kg to ovariectomized mice have resulted in improved bone health parameters. Thus, IDEE can be considered as a promising agent for postmenopausal osteoporosis.