CR6-interacting factor 1 is a key regulator in A beta-induced mitochondrial disruption and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

Authors
Byun, J.Son, SmCha, M-YShong, M.Hwang, Y. J.Kim, Y.Ryu, H.Moon, M.Kim, K-SMook-Jung, I.
Issue Date
2015-06
Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Citation
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION, v.22, no.6, pp.959 - 973
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, often characterized by massive fission and other morphological abnormalities, is a well-known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). One causative mechanism underlying AD-associated mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be amyloid-beta (A beta), yet the pathways between A beta and mitochondrial dysfunction remain elusive. In this study, we report that CR6-interacting factor 1 (Crif1), a mitochondrial inner membrane protein, is a key player in A beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Specifically, we found that Crif1 levels were downregulated in the pathological regions of Tg6799 mice brains, wherein overexpressed A beta undergoes self-aggregation. Downregulation of Crif1 was similarly observed in human AD brains as well as in SH-SY5Y cells treated with A beta. In addition, knockdown of Crif1, using RNA interference, induced mitochondrial dysfunction with phenotypes similar to those observed in A beta-treated cells. Conversely, Crif1 overexpression prevented A beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Finally, we show that A beta-induced downregulation of Crif1 is mediated by enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-dependent sumoylation of the transcription factor specificity protein 1 (Sp1). These results identify the ROS-Sp1-Crif1 pathway to be a new mechanism underlying A beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest that ROS-mediated downregulation of Crif1 is a crucial event in AD pathology. We propose that Crif1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of AD.
Keywords
OXIDATIVE STRESS; ATP SYNTHASE; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; CELL-PROLIFERATION; CRISTAE MORPHOLOGY; CORTICAL-NEURONS; PLAQUE-FORMATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; ANIMAL-MODEL; IN-VIVO; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ATP SYNTHASE; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; CELL-PROLIFERATION; CRISTAE MORPHOLOGY; CORTICAL-NEURONS; PLAQUE-FORMATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; ANIMAL-MODEL; IN-VIVO
ISSN
1350-9047
URI
https://pubs.kist.re.kr/handle/201004/125392
DOI
10.1038/cdd.2014.184
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KIST Article > 2015
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