Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative method using liquid chromatography selected reaction monitoring-triggered quantitation-enhanced data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry for the identification and classification of amphetamine-type stimulant abusers in human urine

Abstract

Amphetamine (AP) and amphetamine-type stimulants, methamphetamine (MA) and N,N-dimethylamphetamine (DMA), are known as central nervous system stimulants, and their abuse throughout the world has recently increased. Since it is difficult to physically distinguish among AP, MA and DMA, analysts may not be aware of what abusers have administered. In this study, following the detection of specific metabolites of AP, MA and DMA as biomarkers in abuser urines, a rapid and sensitive method was developed for the identification and classification of AP-type stimulants abusers. After the simple filtration of the urine samples, the samples were directly analyzed using a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry system with selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-triggered quantitation-enhanced data-dependent MS/MS (QED-MS/MS) for the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of p-hydroxy AP, p-hydroxy MA, p-hydroxy DMA, AP, MA, DMA and DMA N-oxide. The determination of p-hydroxy AP, p-hydroxy MA, AP, MA, DMA and DMA N-oxide was accurate and reproducible, with the limits of quantitation of 5 ng/mL in urine. When applied to the urine samples of suspected AP-type stimulants abusers, the abused drugs were precisely identified between MA and DMA abusers. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.