음향 소용돌이를 이용한 치수 조절이 가능한 세포 블록의 제작

Abstract

Conventional methods for generating spheroids or organoids often rely on cell-type-dependent self-assembly and lack precise control over size and shape, which are critical for gradient, differentiation, and reproducibility. Recently, non-invasive methods using physical forces such as magnetic and optical fields have been explored to assemble single cells into 3D structures with tunable dimensions. Among them, ultrasound has emerged as a promising technique due to its label-free, compatibility with various cell types, and minimal biological damage. In this study, we propose a method to fabricate dimension-tunable 3D cellular blocks using phase-delayed acoustic vortices. Acoustic vortices generate a null-pressure region that traps cells and facilitates their aggregation into structured blocks. By adjusting acoustic parameters such as pressure, frequency, and sonication time, the size and shape of the blocks can be precisely controlled. The blocks remained structurally stable for 7 days, and viability assays confirmed that cell viability was well maintained without significant adverse effects. This technique offers a precise and flexible way to make 3D cell structures for research and biomedical applications.