Analytical applications of CRISPR in diagnostics: a review of current trends and future directions

Abstract

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR; also known as gene scissors) are established for gene-editing tools. They are also widely applied to molecular diagnostics because of their unique ability to recognize nucleic acid sequences and having enzymatic features. This review begins with a detailed description of the three most prevalent CRISPR systems for diagnostics (Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13) and key diagnostic platforms. We also discuss recent applications of CRISPR-based molecular diagnostics, including those for infectious diseases, single nucleotide polymorphisms, microRNAs, and other molecules. We hope that readers will gain insights into the most recent advancements in CRISPR diagnostics and contribute to advances in diagnostics.